Carbureter.



J. C. LEWIS. CARBURETER.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB.26.1906

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No. 866,490. PATENTED SEPT. 1'7, 1907.-

J. C. LEWIS.

CARBURETER. APPLIOATIoN FILED FEB.26,1906.

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.TAY CLAUDE LEWIS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Sept. 1'?, 1907.

Application filed February 26,1906. Serial N0- 302,875.

To all whom 'it may concern:

13e it known that I, .TAY CLAUDE LEWIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, andState of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carburcters, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in whichI have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to carburetors and particularly to that type of carburetor that is designed to prepare kerosene or ordinary coal oil as a fuel for internal combustion engines. This result has heretofore been only imperfectly accomplished, and the object of this my present invention is to produce a device that will render available for the purpose above noted the loss volatile constituents of petroleum such as kerosene.

'l`.o,tho accomplishment 0i the above object my invention comprises means hereinafter fully described and particularly set forth in the claims.

lhe annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, said disclosed means constituting, however, but one oi various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawingsz-Figure' l represents a central vertical cross-section of my improved form of carburetor; Fig. 2 represents in perspective the connections for supplying the fuel, e. g. kerosene., to said Carburetor; Fig. 3 is aplan view of a wick employed in connection with such carburetor; Fig. 4 is-a broken perspective view of a portion of such wick shown in enlarged scalo; and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal cross-section of the device taken on a plane through line 5-5, Fig. 1.

My improved carburetor is an adaptation of the de-u vice described in my pending application, ""(arburoter, Serial No. 245,122, whereby such device is designed to vbe made capable of using ordinary keroseno or coal oil instead of gas or gasolene for which the earlier device more particlilarly was planned.

I As clearly shown in Fig. l my improved carburetor cmnprises as its base element a mixing chamber A which may be of `any suitable size and construction. As shown, it lcomprises two members, a lower member A of a general cylindrical form, and an upper member A2 sccuredtheroon in the form of a cap having a neck provided with a central aperture. Said lower member is provided with an inlet opening whereby air may be admitted into the chamber A. This opening is provided with a screen a held in place by an annular cap a2 designed to prevent the entrance of dust or other impurities into the carburetor along with l the air. Such air inlet is designed Yto be controlled by means o a butterfly valve a3 that may be adjustably secured in place by means of a resilient 'flange a4 secured on its stem and adapted to be operated with any one of a series of notches in an annular member a5. Such air inlet is further provided with a conical valve seat a0. Into this valve seat opens a hydrocarbon inlet a7, and formed in such seat is a shallow groove o.9 extending part way around the same and communicating with the opening of the said inlet al. This hydro-carbon inlet'is controlled by device a similar to that employed in connection with butterfly valve a3. Transversely mounted across mixing chamber A above such valve seat aG is a perforated diaphragm A5 preferably of the rounded form shown. This diaphragm is formed with a central downwardly projecting boss al? having a vertical aperture therein, in which slidably fits the stem a, of an inverted mushroom valve A4 that is adapted to fit valve seat a6 and is firmly held therein by means of a spring al.

Internally threaded into the neck of uppermember or cap A2 of mixing chamber A is a duct C. This duct 7.5 m

may be asingle straight section of pipe or tubing, or preferably it may'consist of a plurality of smaller ducts c as shown in Fig. 1, whereby the charge passing upwardly from the mixing chamber is subdivided into several columns for a purpose that will presently appear.

Externally threaded on the neck of the upper member or cap A2 of mixing chamber A is a horizontally disposed perforated flange B. This flange is provided on its upper surface with an annular raised portion or ridge. B formed with a deep narrow groove, Figs. 1 and 5. Apertures b2 in flange B, diametrically opposite from each other, are connected with suitable ducts C whereby liquid hydro-carbon fuel may be introduced into, aforesaid groove b. Within such groove is fitted a circular wick BL', `the construction of which is shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 4. Such wick B2 comprises several superimposed layers b7 of perforated asbestos, two as shown, held between strips b8 0i perforated shoot metal. Mounted on such raised portion B of flange B is an inner casing b3 closed. at the top where it lits snugly around duct C, its lower portion boing perforated as shown. On the outer sidel of such raised portion is similarly mounted another perforated easing b5 open at the top and of a height a. 100 trifle `less thanthat of casing bi. Said vcasings b3 b5 may be fitted either on opposite sides of the groove in such raised portion B', or respectively on the inside and outside of such raised portion itself. In either event it is seen that wick BL' lies in between them. 105 Surrounding the whole of this portion of the device is a solid outer case Il secured on the periphery of the flange AB at its lower end, and provided at its upper end with a .ventilator cap B5 of which an improved form is the one shown consisting o two separate mem- 11(` bers b9 b1 arranged in the manner clearly shown in Fig. 1.

While the feed connections, whereby kerosene or other hydro-carbon is supplied to hydro-carbon inlet a7 and bur'ner inlets b b', may be varied to suitI circumstances, 1 have found it desirable to connect both such inlet and burner to a colnrnon source of supply. The arrangement of ducts whereby to effect such connection is clearly shown in Fig. 2, In such figure pipe C2 leads from the supply tank; this main supply pipe is provided with two branches C3 C4, the first of which leads to the feed apertures of' the burner through pipes C, the second of which leads to the hydro-carbon inlet of the mixing chamber. interposed in the vlatter is a reservoir C5, the purpose of which is to accumulate andhold in store a sufficient quantity of the fuel to supply the inlet of the mixing chamber without by any possibility withdrawing from the burner its full quota of fuel; otherwise when the engine is running at full speed, thc suction from the mixing chamber is apt to use the oil so rapidly that the branch pipe leading to the burner is left practically dry.

The loperation of my carbureter is readily apparentV from the foregoing description. The suction of the engine in its intake stroke will raise valve A* against spring al and draw in a quantity of air. Such air in passing between the valve and its seat is drawn across the opening of' the hydro-carbon inlet a7 and groove a9 communicating therewith and so takes up a quantity of the liquid and car'r'ies the same along into the mixing chamber A in the form of a mist. The perforated diaphragm A5 serves to still further comminute the particles of oil. The mist laden air next passes through the duct C which, as has been stated, may be either a single straight tube or preferably composed of a plurality of smaller tubes. Such duct is maintained by means of the burner that surrounds it at a sufficiently high temperature to vaporize or gasify the hydro-carbon contained in the charge. The charge thereupon passes into the engine cylinder and is there exploded.

It is thus seen that by means ofthe above described apparatus, I am enabled to make of kerosene or coal oila most efficient fuel for internal combustion engines. The oil is not only entirely vaporized so as to present all the properties oi a gas, but is further raised to a temperature that in'sures itsmore thorough and rapid combustion in the engine cylinder with a consequently increased'production of power.

Obviously the results here noted as having been obtained by means of my improved carbureter in the use of kerosene in connection with internal combustion'engines would similarly commend its usewlrerc other fuels of' a more or less similar character' are thus sought tobe utilized. Accordingly, wher'ever kerosene, or the mor'e general term hydrocarbon, has been employed either in the preceding specification or the following claims, such terms will be understood to include under the rule of equivalents any suitable fuel material adapted to be employed in a manner' similar to that here described. I

Having thus described my invention in detail, that which l particularly point out and distinctly clairrr is:-

1. in a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chalubcr, a duct leading therefrom, n hydrocarbon burner surrounding said duct and adapted to heat the same, means for supplying hydrocarbon to said burner, and a casing laterally inclosing said burner and duct.

2. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, a duct leading therefrom, a hydrocarbon burner sur'- rounding said duct/means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon to said burner, a perforated casing inciosing said burner. and an outer solid casing laterally inclosing said perforated casing.

3. In a carbur'eter, the combination of a mixing chamber, a vdiret leading therefrom. n perforated flange sur'- r'ounding said duct, a hydrocarbon bnrner' mounted on the upper face of said flange and surrounding said duct, means for supplying hydrocarbon to said burner. a perforated casing inclosing said burner. and a solid casing secure'd to the periphery of said flange and laterally inclosng said perforated casing.

i In a car'bur'eter, the combination of a mixing chamber, a duct leading,r therefrom. a perforated flange snrr'ounding said duct and having a groove adapted to receive a wie-k, means for vsupplying* liquid hydrocarbon to said groove, a perforated casing ony each side of said groove. and an outer' solid casing` secured to the periphery of said flange and laterally inclosing said perforated casings.

5. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing Ciramber` a duct leading therefrom, said duct being subdivided for a 'portion of its length. a perforated flange surrounding said duct just below srrch subdivided portion and havingr a groove adapted fo'receive a wick. means for' supplying liquid hydrocarbon to said groove, a perforated casing on each side of said gr'oove, and an outer solid casing secured to the periphery of said flange and laterally inclosing said perforated casings.

6. In a carbureter, the combination of n mixing chamber,.a duct leading therefrom, said duct being subdivided for aportion of its length, :r perforated flange surrounding slrid duct just below such subdivided portion and bearing on its upper side a grooved annular' ridge adapted the periphery of said f'lzrnge and llaterally inclosingr saidv perforated casings. A

T. in a carbureter, the combination of n mixing chamber, a duct leading therefrom, said duct being subdivided for a portion of its length, aperfor'uted flange surrounding said duet just below such subdivided portion and bearing on its upper side a grooved annularridge adapted to receive a wick. connections forl supplying liquid hydr'ocarbon thereto. a perforated cylindrical casing attached to each side of' said r'idge, the inner' of said casings being closed at the top, an outer' solid casing secured to the periphery `of said flange and laterally inclosing said perforated casngs. und zr ventilator cap secured to the top of such outer' casing.

s. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber, having an air' inlet and a hydrocarbon inlet. a duct leading from said mixing chamber, a hydrocarbon burner surrounding said duct and adapted to heat the same, and means connecting said hydrocarbon inlet and burner with a common source of supply.

il. ln u carbureter. the combination of a mixing chamber having a hydrm'nrbon inlet, a duct leading from said mixing chamber` :r hydrocarbon burner surrounding said duet and adapted to heat the sume, u branched connection, the branches thereof lending to the hydrocarbon inlet of said mixing chamber' and to said burner. respeetively, and n reservoir interr'rosed in the branch of said connection lending to said inlet.

Signed b v rue. this 24th (luy of February 1906. 

